In the ancient Old World - and in pre-Colombian America - pottery was formed by rolling clay into long ropes which were pinched together and smoothed by hand to form the vessel. The first potter’s wheels were heavy round stones which were set into motion by the potter’s hand, and whose flywheel momentum was kept up by hand. Early wheels of this type dating from 3,000 BCE have been found in Mesopotamia. This type of wheel was rather inefficient since it required the potter to shift his hand from forming the vessel to maintaining the wheel’s motion. The invention of the fast potter’s wheel, in which a flywheel turned by foot action is connected to a rotating platform above, allowed the potter full use of his hands to shape the vessel. These machines appeared and became widespread at the transition from the Stone to Iron ages, and were soon replaced by wheels in which a crankshaft converts peddle motion into rotary motion. Some modern potters still use foot-driven wheels, but electric wheels are far more popular today.

On a traditional potter’s wheel a lump of moist clay is thrown into the center of the wheel platform, and the potter shapes it evenly and pushes it to the center of the wheel by hand. As the wheel turns the potter locates the center of the clay mass by feel and pushes his thumb into the center of the mass to create a hole almost to the bottom of the clay. Slowly the hole is widened and the sides of the vessel are pulled up and thinned out by hand pressure. The difficult task of precisely centering the lump of clay on the wheel platform has been simplified greatly by the invention of the clay centering device, in which a canister with a plunger - something like a cylindrical cookie-cutter - is used to punch out a perfect cylinder of clay and inject it onto the precise center of the wheel platform.

With this device the clay is centered even before the wheel is put into motion, which makes the most difficult part of the potter’s task easy even for complete beginners. Teaching wheel throwing even to elementary school students has been greatly facilitated by the introduction of the clay centering device. After the vessel is formed it is cut from the wheel platform with a wire, and then it is left to dry. The vessel can be inverted on the wheel to trim the bottom with a tool. The finished vessel can be decorated with paints or glazes, and then is fired in a kiln to harden it.

Although ceramic-making is one of the most ancient arts and technologies, very recent inventions have made teaching wheel throwing much easier today than ever before. An example is electric wheels, which are far more efficient and practical than foot-driven models. And the invention of the clay centering device has made the most difficult part of pottery making easy and enjoyable for everyone.

The soaring price of diesel fuel around the world has proved to be a problem for millions of people. Aside from the basic and standard technique on how to improve diesel fuel mileage like the air cleaner, and tire pressure, the use of an aftermarket engine computer programmer will save you at least more than one mile. The value of this program has resulted to a 10% raise in fuel cutback.

An aftermarket air cleaner can actually get you more 3 to 4 mpg, with the increase in mpg; you have the advantage of significantly prolonging the life of your car engine.

Here are some of the proven ways how to improve diesel fuel mileage. It is most advised to always keep your engine tuned up because even minor problem with your engine can greatly affect the gas mileage of your car. The A/C compressor can hurt your engine, so if you don’t really need it, just turn your A/C off. An under inflated tires can make more resistant when travelling, so always check and make sure that your tires are correctly inflated.

You can take other route alternatives in order for you to avoid those very congested traffic to make you save travel time and gas in the long run. Get as much information as you can about the same kind of car that you are using by asking questions to those people who are also using it when it comes to the gas mileage that they were able to get because it may give you some warning and hints how to take more care of your car.

Another way how to improve your diesel fuel mileage is by using high-quality engine oils, if possible those that were treated with friction reducing oil additive. This method has amazingly increased the diesel fuel mileage for around 12%. Remove all those things that are unnecessary out of your car because more weight tend to make your engine consume more diesel fuel.

Also keeping your car at the speed of 55 mph can actually help you increase your diesel fuel mileage at around 25%. Although 55 mph is a bit boring speed especially you are used to driving around 75 mph, but hey think about the amount of gas that you will be saving in the long term.

Finding ways how to improve your fuel mileage really just comes to one major thing, good oil lubrication. But car owners should also be thankful with the advent of online programmer like the Flashpaq, because this programme helps you tune your engine and transmission to achieve best performance.

The features of this programme will help your car to have increased horsepower and torque and you can update it at the comfort of your home with the use of the computer and internet connection. Good thing about this is that it is very easy to install, there are no special tools to use, 100% assurance that your car’s fuel mileage will greatly improve, and optimum driveability.

Visit Super Fuel Saver blog and read more on how to save gas and read all the tips to save gas for your home and vehicles.

One of the hottest consumer commodities at the moment is the DVD. And now the DVD player is set to makes inroads into the automobile accessory market as more and more manufacturers release their new models. It might appear like an unnecessary luxury to many, but for those of us who have children and have experienced a long road trip with them, a DVD player in the car is almost a necessity. There is nothing like a good movie to distract the kids from the boredom of a long journey.

There are quite a few choices in the car DVD category. They range from the budget portable players to high end in-dash models complete with Satellite radio. Your choices will be likely dictated not only by cost, the type of vehicle you own but also how much control you want over the viewing.

The choices for in-car DVD players include:

• Portable. These are stand alone systems, much like a notebook and rely on their own speakers. They are fairly affordable and offer the advantage of complete portability and can be used outside of the car.
• In-dash models that offer radio, DVD, CD, MP3 all in a single integrated unit. Because they are mounted on the dash, the screen might be a little difficult for those in the back to see with ease, especially in bright sunlight. But all the controls are in the front allowing you as the parent to control volume and what is viewed.
• Roof mounted. These offer great visibility for the back seat, but not tend to cause the front passenger to get a crick in their neck trying to view the overhead screen. Generally meant for larger vehicles such as SUV’s and minivans.

In-car DVD players can be lifesavers on long trips. As we’ve all experienced before, on such trips games such as “I spy” can only go for so long before your kids become bored. By adding a DVD player into mix, you give yourself an option to distract the kids on those long journeys and perhaps give you time to relax a little during the journey.

Steve Kalzac Car DVD Players

The electric car differs from the regular gasoline based ones by one simple feature - it runs on batteries. The internal combustion engine vehicles also have batteries but these are not used to provide motive power - they are not required for the movement of the car. They are rather used to supply power to the electric components such as starters, headlamps and wipers.

An electric car needs batteries to move as well as manage its electrical components. For these reasons, it has to get a more elaborate and versatile battery charging system than the gasoline car. The reason is, the batteries may run down more often because it is in use all the time.

The charging system puts back more power into the batteries. It works in a simple way. A device monitors the power level of the battery and if it falls below a certain voltage or current, the driver is alerted that the car needs a recharge.

The recharging can be done via a domestic AC outlet or at a commercial recharging point similar to that of a gas station. The vehicle will park up and then instead of nozzle, an outlet is connected to the terminals of the car’s battery. You may want to know that the home AC outlet has not been optimized for charging car batteries so it will take a long time before the car gets a full charge whereas a commercial charge system will be faster.

Many manufacturers are beginning to design new charging points for electric cars. As this type of vehicles become more and more common in use, faster and more efficient charging systems will be available for motorists.

For more information about how to do an automobile conversion, visit gas2electric.net for an easy to follow electric car conversion guide.

A car running on water is something that a lot of people are interested in nowadays and search for information online. The truth is that they do work, but there are a lot of scam companies out there selling “less than” products just to make a few bucks. I will show you how to find real life testimonials from real people who have tried out the products from the “big boys” as well as tell you how to avoid a lot of the scams out there.

A car running on water is a pretty huge niche right now. With gas priced in the low to mid four dollar range, it is well worth anybody’s time to spend a little extra cash to save loads of money in the long run. Now the question becomes, “How do I find the waterfuel gas products and tips that work?”. The answer is not as simple, but the ways of finding honest, truthful information is pretty easy.

When I talk about “honest” information, I am talking about people who have tried the car running on water technique themselves. I am talking about people who share their honest opinions and outcomes of their car running on water and guides that they have tried. If you do a quick search for the HHO method, or keyword like H20 instead of gas, you will pull up thousands of results. I will now tell you that search engines are not even close to being a reliable resource for finding good insider information on a car running on water. All that seems to pull up in search results are the same cookie-cutter websites that have nothing valuable to offer. You don’t know which ones are legit and which ones are not, right? It’s sad, because there are quite a few HHO products that absolutely do work, and it’s in a lot of people’s best interest to research them further.

Here is how to do some in depth research about a car running on water and who it has worked for…

It’s going to seem so simple once you hear what I have to say. The way to find a lot of truthful, first hand information on a car running on water is the scour through internet forums. Yes, forums. This is where millions of people share their honest thoughts on a daily basis and it’s where you can find up to the day results from people who have tried the HHO (hydrogen) method for themselves. You can find out where they got what they needed and how they implemented it into their cars. While search engines tend to bring you to the same boring cover story over and over again, forums will allow you to read first hand knowledge from people who have tested and tuned the actually products that are out there. There just isn’t a more simple solution to finding out honest thoughts on a car running on water. Saving fuel is on the top of most people lists, so you might as well do the little bit of grunt work it takes to find exactly what you want.

If you are thinking about having a car running on water in this day and age, it will help to get both sides of the story and forums can do just that.

Want a full review of the original “water 4 gas” tool that broke the revolutionary barrier and allowed people to have a car running on water? Keep reading…

Adam Woodham is the author of this article and runs the website BetterGasSaver, which features a review and testimonials of the original “Water 4 Gas”, which is the proven leader in helping people have a true water car. Saving money at the pump has never been easier.

Car floor mats are the coverings that are used on car floors to protect the floor carpet from dust, water, insects, soil and other unwanted particles. Car floor mats also prevent snow and water from soaking through the carpet and rusting the car body. They are also a decorative accessory giving the car a tidy look. Car Floor mats are made by cutting the desired materials according to the size of the vehicle. Basic mats can be enhanced with embroidery, ribbing etc. They are then edged with matching bindings. These mats are chemically treated to reduce humidity, enhance color and maintain it .These mats are subject to a lot of wear and tear as they are in a heavy usage area. Hence, checking their condition from time to time is highly recommended.

Car floor mats are of two types. They are carpet floor mats and all weather car floor mats. Carpet floor mats are available in many colors. They protect the car floor and provide presentable interiors to the car. Rubber floor mats are more durable and tough for extreme weather conditions. Rubber car floor mats are available in standard rubber colors like black, tan and grey. Both types are washable.

Car floor mats are either custom made or semi-custom made. Custom floor mats are made to order in the exact size of the car floor. Individuals can specify the design and color and get mats made to order. Such mats will be a perfect fit for the vehicle. Semi-custom made car floor mats are not made specifically for each vehicle. They come in standard sizes and the size closest to the vehicle floor is used. They are about 90-95% accurate. They are available in the stores and individuals can choose the best option out of the mats available. It is common practice to use removable rubber mats over fixed floor mats. This helps in cleaning and maintaining the mats.

Mats provides detailed information on Mats, Floor Mats, Yoga Mats, Car Floor Mats and more. Mats is affiliated with Feather Masks.

Gas prices are at record highs and experts believe that these prices are going to continue to rise. People cannot afford to spend even more of their money on gasoline so technology has been looking for a new way, a better way. Hydrogen conversion kits are the answer we finally found. By using a Hydrogen conversion Kit people have been getting up to 40% more MPG.

These kits can be made by practically anyone, they are very simple in design and can be installed very easily. They work by creating a gas called HHO out of everyday tap water, through the process of electrolysis. Using a current to run through water causing Oxygen and Hydrogen to separate.

You can create your own Hydrogen conversion kit, all on your own and install it without any automotive knowledge or the help of a mechanic. Hydrogen conversion kits are made out of everyday items you probably have around the house. Here are a few of the items you would expect to need when making a kit: a container to hold water, wiring to carry a current, tubing to transport the gas to the engine and baking soda.

It works by basically, running a wire to your car battery than to a container holding water. Once your engine has started a current will be sent through the wire into the water causing electrolysis, the Hydrogen and Oxygen in the water separate creating HHO. At the top of the container there will be a vacuum tube which will transfer the HHO gas into your engine, so it can burn along with the gasoline.

If you’re interested in making your own kit and start saving money today, I’ve reviewed the top three guides listing what I like about each one and giving it a personal rating so you can get the most out of your hydrogen conversion kit.

As gas prices continue to rise, the auto industry is out in full force touting the benefits of car maintenance. Many repair shops even have custom “fuel saver” services. While maintaining one’s car is indeed important, does it really save gas? Before we answer this, let’s step back and look at auto maintenance for today’s cars.

The first question we need to ask is - what does my car need (according to the manufacturer) for it to be considered “maintained.” Today’s cars no longer have distributor caps, rotors, points, and a variety of other ignition components - so these don’t need maintenance. Many vehicles now come with extended service parts such as 100,000-mile platinum spark plugs and life-time fuel filters. Oil change intervals have been extended to 5,000 miles or more. The 3,000-mile oil change is ancient history. Coolant flushes and transmission services aren’t needed until 100,000 miles if at all. Yet, even if we performed all the above services, will they increase fuel efficiency? Probably not. Unless your vehicle is misfiring (i.e., not running on all cylinders), you’re gas mileage is likely fine.

So what part of car maintenance adversely effects gas mileage for the average driver of a late model vehicle? Three things: tire pressure, air filters, and excess carbon.

Tire Pressure: Setting your tire pressure is free, and is the best maintenance service you can perform to maintain maximum fuel efficiency. It’s that simple.

Air Filters: Air filters can indeed get plugged after a considerable amount of driving and can then restrict air flow, which will not allow your fuel to burn efficiently. This can also cause excess carbon build-up, which can reduce miles per gallon. The good news: air filters are cheap ($15 to $30), are easy to install, and usually only need replacement every 30,000 miles.

Excess Carbon: There is another auto maintenance service that “can” help gas mileage. It’s called a fuel system cleaning service. Some repair centers call it fuel injector auto maintenance, or a fuel injection service. Simply, chemicals are added to your fuel system through a variety of orifices to clean out excess carbon deposits on your valves, pistons and intake manifold. This naturally forming carbon (in excess) is not good for gas mileage. Excess carbon absorbs gasoline, which would otherwise be used to power your vehicle. However, before you run out and spend the $150 + to have this service performed, there is one important consideration - the service will only work for vehicles that need it. In other words, yes the stuff works, but you’re vehicle may not have any excess carbon build-up. You wouldn’t wash clean clothes - right?

When you see those “fuel saver” services for $100 to $300, they’ll likely include an air filter, tire pressure check, and a fuel system cleaning service. If you’re wondering whether or not your vehicle needs it, ask yourself the following:

1) Do I use quality gasoline consistently? 2) Have I replaced my air filter at least every 30,000 miles? 3) Have I checked my tire pressure recently?

If you can answer these questions affirmatively, you’re probably ok. Buying cheap, no-name gas once-in-awhile is ok. Replacing the air filter and setting your tire pressure is common sense. Also, if you drive like grandma, get out on the highway and press the vertical pedal at your right foot “all the way to the floor” until your vehicle accelerates to speeds at which you’re not all too entirely comfortable. Then repeat a few more times. This will help clean out excess carbon - FREE - less the cost of fuel. Be careful. Watch out for cops.

In summary, follow your manufacturer guidelines for your car’s maintenance - not ones designed by those who stand to benefit most. Use name-brand fuel, set your tire pressure now and again, pop in an air filter, according to your car’s recommended interval, and don’t be afraid to drop the hammer now and again.

Ted Olson
RepairTrust
Making sense of Car Maintenance

With gas costs continuously on the rise, drivers are searching for answers to reduce the pressure on family finances. One popular method is to switch to a gasoline-saving car - that is a hybrid car.

Hybrid automobiles use hybrid motors, combining several sources of energy. So, how do hybrid cars work?

First, almost all hybrid automobiles operate on petrol and electricity. There are two forms of gas-electric hybrid cars; parallel and series. Parallel hybrid cars uses both petrol engine and an electric motor to power the vehicle ahead. In contrast, series hybrid needs gas engine to power the electric motor, or recharge the batteries. Both of the engines primarily use a procedure called regenerative braking to store the kinetic energy produced by brake use in the batteries, which in turn powers the electric motor.

Now, the newest and most life-altering technology has enabled water to become a primary gasoline source. You need not buy a hybrid car, nor blow cash by converting your engine to a hybrid one. Just tap water can be utilized to power your car with abundant advantages.

4 Rewards Of Using Water For Gasoline

1) Save on Gasoline Expenses

You understand how hybrid cars work. You can save 40% to 60% on fuel expenses, which is especially beneficial for long journeys.

2) Decrease Global Warming

It works similar to a hybrid car which decrease the use of petrol which gives out heat and pollution.

3) You Can Qualify for IRS Tax Refunds

By using water, the government acknowledges that you are aiding to lessen pollution and global warming. Thus, IRS is willing to give you a reward.

4) Improve Fuel Mileage

How do hybrid cars work and save finances? With gas, up to a stunning 80% of energy is wasted into pollution, vibration and heat. Nonetheless, using water removes this issue, bringing forth a increased gas mileage. Often, drivers get to double their mileage.

Now that you know how hybrid cars work, you might desire to purchase one. Alternatively, you may want to think about a much more affordable option by using water. It will only require you less than $100 to get your car started at once.

I have done several reviews on the latest water for fuel products in the market. You can access them at WaysToIncreaseMileage.Com

I used to spend hundreds on gasoline a month. You have to know how do hybrid cars work, before making the decision to convert. I have heard of hybrid cars, but they are too expensive. With the latest technology, water can be used as a substitute for fuel on gasoline cars. You can increase your gas mileage right now. Find out more about the cheapest solutions here: WaysToIncreaseMileage.Com today.